Comp 272 Program 1      Dordal  Sept 9, 2002    Due: Setp 20, 2002

Note that the due date is a Friday; programs must be emailed to me by then.
All you should send is your enroll.cpp file, and optionally any output. 
I don't need your project (.dsw) file, or the ParseLine or Date files.

Your program is to read in a sequence of records, in text format. Each record 
consists of one line, containing a name and a date. You will then create 
an object for each record processed, put each such object into a vector,
and then sort everything by date. In other words, this assignment is intended
to familiarize you with classes, constructors, Horstmann's Date class,
strings, vectors, and miscellaneous other C++ details.

We shall assume that the dates represent enrollment dates, in some sort of 
database. Records are in the following format; items in brackets are optional.

        [firstname [middlename]] lastname [month day year]

Names have only letters a-z,A-Z in them; the date fields have only digits.
You can identify name fields because they begin with letters.

Only the last name is required. ; if there is only one name field it is 
lastname. If there are two namefields they are "firstname lastname". 
If all three were included, then middlename was provided. The logic for 
dates is a little simpler: either there is a full date provided, or nothing. 
Here are some examples
        peter lars dordal       1 27 1999
        fred smith      2 13 2000              // no middlename
        bush  4 1 2000                         // no first or middle name
        sauron                                 // no month or day or year
        phoebe b beebee                        // full name but no date
        j fred muggs 3 14 1842                 // another full name + date

Note that it is illegal to have four or more name fields, or for the number 
of date fields to be 1, 2, or >=4. Note also that you have to read all the 
names before you can figure out which is the lastname; the ParseLine class 
will help you here.

If the date fields are missing entirely, then today's date is to be used.
The Date class contains a static today() function for obtaining this date:
        d = Date::today();

Your program is to 
   * read in the records
   * for each record construct an object of class type Enroll, below
   * correctly handle all the cases of potentially missing optional data
   * store all the Enroll records in a Vector
   * sort the records by date
   * print them out

The biggest single step is the constructor for Enroll. To help you here,
I am in the process of writing a ParseLine(istream & in) function, that
reads a line from the input file and returns a Vector of String, one String
for each whitespace-delimited "word" in the input line. Thus, if the input
line is
        peter lars dordal       1 27 2002
then ParseLine(cin) returns a vector
   0    "Peter"
   1    "Lars"
   2    "Dordal"
   3    "1"
   4    "27"
   5    "2002"
   
Note that the numbers are represented in *string* format; you will need 
to convert them to numbers to create Date objects. I've provided 
        int atoi(string s) 
for this conversion. You can tell how many strings were read in
by looking at the .size() value of the vector returned. You will still 
have some logic to implement to figure out when the names stop and the 
dates begin, and what values are missing, but this should be relatively 
straightforward based on examiningthe first character of each string 
and checking whether it is a letter or number. The utility functions 
isalpha(char ch) and isdigit(char ch) will be useful here.

You will also need to copy the date.h, ParseLine.cpp, date.cpp, and setup.h 
files; you can either 
        #include "date.h"               // note "" instead of <>
and add date.cpp to your project, or just 
        #include "date.cpp" 
and ignore date.h and separate compilation.

You will need a class Name, to hold the name fields (anything not provided 
is to be represented as the empty string), and a class Enroll, containing 
the Name and Date. Here are the class definitions; note that they consist 
of constructors and (field) accessors only.

class Name {
private:
    string _fname;
    string _mname;
    string _lname;
public:
    Name(string first, string mid, string last) 
    : _fname(first), _mname(mid), _lname(last) {}
    string fname() {return _fname;}
    string mname() {return _mname;}
    string lname() {return _lname;}
};

class Enroll {
private:
    Name   _name;
    Date   _enrolldate;
public:
    Enroll(Name n, Date d) : _name(n), _enrolldate(d) {};
    Enroll(string fname, string mname, string lname, Date d) 
    : _name(fname, mname, lname), _enrolldate(d) {}
    Enroll(vector<string> v);          // this is the one you actually *use*
    string fname() {return _name.fname();}
    string mname() {return _name.mname();}
    string lname() {return _name.lname();}
    Date enrolldate () {return _enrolldate;}
};

The function Date::today() returns todays' date.

If d1 and d2 are dates, d1.compare(d2) returns a value <0 if d1 comes before 
d2, and a value >0 if d1 comes after d2, and the value 0 if d1=d2. 
Note that you can *not* write "d1<d2" directly in your program. 
Use this Date::compare in sorting your array.

Dates can be sent to cout directly with <<.

The preferred way to handle input is to read from the console (cin); 
that way, I can use "input redirection" to have it read from a file itself. 
If you prefer, however, you can have your program read from a named data 
file (preferably "enroll.data"); I have provided a data file online. 
Do *not* have your program prompt for a data file name, or specify the data 
file with a full path name; these both mean that I'll have to make 
significant changes to your program to get it to run.


Here's a sample to get you started, also available as "enroll.cpp" on my 
web page:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

#include "date.cpp"

#include "parseline.cpp"

class Name {
private:
        string _fname;
        string _mname;
        string _lname;
public:
        Name(string f, string m, string l) : _fname(f), _mname(m), _lname(l) {}
        Name() {_fname = _mname = _lname = "";}
        string fname() {return _fname;}
        string mname() {return _mname;}
        string lname() {return _lname;}
};

class Enroll {
private:
        Name _name;
        Date _enrolldate;
public:
    Enroll(Name n, Date d) : _name(n), _enrolldate(d) {}
    Enroll(vector<string> v);           // the big one
    string fname() {return _name.fname();}
    string mname() {return _name.mname();}
    string lname() {return _name.lname();}
    Date enrolldate () {return _enrolldate;}
};


// error is handy for printing errors
void error(string mesg, vector<string> v) {
        cout << "Format error: " << mesg << endl;
        cout << "Line:  \"" ;
        int i=0;
        while (i<v.size()) {
                cout << v[i] << " ";
                i++;
        }
        cout << endl;
        exit(0);
}

// atoi converts alphanumeric strings to numbers; you will need it for dates
int atoi(string s) { return atoi(s.c_str()); }

void main()  {
        string line;
        vector<Enroll> A;
        while (true) {
                vector<string> v = ParseLine::parseline(cin);
                if (v.size() == 0) break;    // true at end of file
                A.push_back(Enroll(v));      // slick, huh?
        }
        // now sort it and print it out
}

One last thing: a basic example of a simple sort (selection sort).
Here we're sorting a vector of numbers, not classes; you will have to
make appropriate modifications:

void sort (vector<int> &A) {
      int i, j, indexofsmallest;
      for (i=0;i<A.size()-1; i++) {  // move ith lowest to position A[i]
            indexofsmallest = i;
            for (j=i+1; j<A.size(); j++)
                if (A[j]<A[indexofsmallest]) indexofsmallest = j;
            swap(A[i], A[indexofsmallest]);
      }
}